From: Patrick Juola <juola@suod.cs.colorado.edu>
Date: Thu, 25 Aug 94 16:15:11 PDT
To: cypherpunks@toad.com
Subject: Re: Nuclear Weapons Material
Message-ID: <199408252314.RAA25313@suod.cs.colorado.edu>
MIME-Version: 1.0
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  In order to cause damage, alpha emitters like plutonium must come
  in intimate contact with a material, such as the tissues of your
  lungs or bones or the inside of your favorite memory chip.  A
  billionth of a gram of plutonium inhaled or swallowed is
  something to seriously worry about, but you can hold a lump of
  the stuff in your hand as long as it is covered with a leakproof
  cladding or vitrified into a ceramic.
  
  It is in this sense that plutonium is extremely toxic and
  hazardous to the environment, while at the same time not being
  particularly radioactive.  Heavy shielding is not required
  between you and it.
  
My understanding is that the heavy metal toxicity of Pu exceeds
the radioactive toxicity by several (10?) orders of magnitude.  In
other words, the fact that Pu is an alpha emitter is irrelevant
to the risk -- it's simply like lead poisoning only several
billion times worse.

Simple arithmetic yields that the amount of alpha exposure from
a billionth of a gram of an alpha emitter with a half-life measured
in thousands of years is infinitismal.

	- kitten